Starbucks Corporation (NASDAQ: SBUX) is an international coffee and coffeehouse chain based in Seattle, Washington.
Starbucks is the largest coffeehouse company in the world,[2] with 17,009 stores in 50 countries, including over 11,000 in the United States, over 1000 in Canada, and over 700 in the UK.[1][3]
Starbucks sells drip brewed coffee, espresso-based hot drinks, other hot and cold drinks, coffee beans, salads, hot and cold sandwiches and panini, pastries, snacks, and items such as mugs and tumblers.
Through the Starbucks Entertainment division and Hear Music brand, the company also markets books, music, and film. Many of the company's products are seasonal or specific to the locality of the store. Starbucks-brand ice cream and coffee are also offered at grocery stores.
From Starbucks' founding in later forms in Seattle as a local coffee bean roaster and retailer, the company has expanded rapidly. In the 1990s, Starbucks was opening a new store every workday, a pace that continued into the 2000s. The first store outside the United States or Canada opened in the mid-'90s, and overseas stores now constitute almost one third of Starbucks' stores.[4] The company planned to open a net of 900 new stores outside of the United States in 2009,[5] but has announced 900 store closures in the United States since 2008.
Starbucks has been a target of protests on issues such as fair-trade policies, labor relations, environmental impact, political views, and anti-competitive practices.

Market Structure
The chemicals industry is also capital-intensive, a large user of energy resources, and heavily regulated, factors that provide high entry barriers to new competition. U.S. chemical companies, for example, consume about 7 percent of total annual U.S. energy output. Most of the industry’s energy consumption involves natural gas and oil, with the balance consisting largely of electricity and coal. Most of the industry’s production consists of commodity chemicals, with demand largely a function of general economic activity in the U.S. market and overseas markets. Industry profitability is determined largely by raw material costs, export demand, pricing trends in world chemical markets, and capacity utilization. Trends in interest rates, inflation, and manufacturing as well as marketing costs also can have a significant impact on profits.

Chemicals are produced from raw materials such as oil, natural gas, metals, minerals, and air, which are further processed into chemical intermediates and industrial and consumer goods. The automobile and housing sectors are key markets, although chemicals find their way into nearly all manufactured products.

Market Metrics


Source: Trade Stats Express, 2008

There are several sub-sections of the chemicals industry which Asian manufacturers and others compete for.


In one area, demand for PVC, which accounts for close to a third of chlorine production, will be a key driver of chlorine demand over the coming years. The second largest volume plastic, PVC, is used primarily by the housing and construction industries. The PVC market has risen in importance for the chlorine industry in recent years as environmental regulations have affected chlor-alkali use in solvents, pesticides, and chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). Improving economies in Asia also should bolster this business in the year 2000. Over 40 percent of U.S. vinyl chloride (the raw material for PVC) production is shipped to Asian markets.

Boosted by better foreign markets, worldwide chlorine demand is expected to expand 2.5 percent per year through 2002. By comparison, domestic demand is expected to grow only 1.5 percent in that period.

Soda ash (sodium carbonate) is a naturally occurring mineral whose primary use is in glass production, which accounts for nearly half of total demand. It also is used as a sodium source in chemical production, as a detergent builder, in pulp and paper, and in environmental and water treatment products. U.S. soda ash production dropped 9.8 percent to 10.7 million tons in 1998 as the business was affected by the Asian economic slowdown. Exports constitute a vital market for U.S. soda ash producers, accounting for about 35 percent of total domestic production. With exports to Asia accounting for nearly half of all American soda ash exports, the Asian slump continued to affect this market negatively in 1999, with total production levels not expected to vary appreciably from 1998 levels. A better performance is seen for the year 2000, boosted by economic recovery in Asia and improved demand from the domestic glass market.

Demand for titanium dioxide, the largest-volume inorganic pigment, is expected to be somewhat stronger than that for most other pigments, stimulated by its unique qualities and increased demand from the pulp and paper industry. Used as the primary white pigment in paper and paperboard, plastics, synthetic rubber, and coatings, titanium dioxide has an extremely high ability to reflect light and add brightness to products. After showing annual compound growth of 3 to 4 percent through 1997, production of titanium dioxide slipped 0.1 percent in 1998, primarily as a result of reduced shipments to Asia, which accounts for about 25 percent of world demand. After another indicated modest decline in 1999, demand should grow in the range of 2 to 3 percent through 2003.

Although traditionally dominated by the United States, Germany, and Japan, this sector has had considerable capacity added in recent years from companies in Asia, the Middle East, and Latin America. That trend should continue despite the recent financial crises in Asia.

The global petrochemical industry had a tough year in 1998 as it was beset by worldwide overcapacity, declining prices, and reduced shipments to Asian markets. Although lingering financial difficulties in Asia continued to affect this business in the first half of 1999, substantial price hikes implemented during that year should help top line comparisons in the year 2000. In 1999, international price increases in major petrochemical products were triggered by increases in raw material (naphtha) prices and increasing demand from some markets. The chemical industry is sensitive to changes in oil and gas prices, as both of those materials represent basic chemical feed-stocks and key energy sources that fuel manufacturing processes. With important derivatives uses in plastics and fibers, ethylene is the largest-selling organic chemical. Reflecting higher oil feedstock costs and better supply and demand conditions, ethylene prices rose materially in 1999. According to estimates by SRI Consulting, ethylene feed-stocks should be adequate to meet world demand through 2005 despite projected growth in demand of 4 percent per year and growth of 2 percent in the rate of global production.

After rising for many years, production of industrial organic chemicals dropped 5.7 percent in 1998, largely reflecting the downturn in petrochemical production and the reduced export opportunities caused by recession in key Asian economies. Exports of organic chemicals, a good deal of which are shipped to the Far East, dropped almost 9 percent in 1998. Organic chemical production continued to slide in 1999, although the rate of decline subsided somewhat. With recovery in Asian economies, total domestic industrial organic chemicals production was expected to decline modestly in 1999.
 
Starbucks Corporation (NASDAQ: SBUX) is an international coffee and coffeehouse chain based in Seattle, Washington.
Starbucks is the largest coffeehouse company in the world,[2] with 17,009 stores in 50 countries, including over 11,000 in the United States, over 1000 in Canada, and over 700 in the UK.[1][3]
Starbucks sells drip brewed coffee, espresso-based hot drinks, other hot and cold drinks, coffee beans, salads, hot and cold sandwiches and panini, pastries, snacks, and items such as mugs and tumblers.
Through the Starbucks Entertainment division and Hear Music brand, the company also markets books, music, and film. Many of the company's products are seasonal or specific to the locality of the store. Starbucks-brand ice cream and coffee are also offered at grocery stores.
From Starbucks' founding in later forms in Seattle as a local coffee bean roaster and retailer, the company has expanded rapidly. In the 1990s, Starbucks was opening a new store every workday, a pace that continued into the 2000s. The first store outside the United States or Canada opened in the mid-'90s, and overseas stores now constitute almost one third of Starbucks' stores.[4] The company planned to open a net of 900 new stores outside of the United States in 2009,[5] but has announced 900 store closures in the United States since 2008.
Starbucks has been a target of protests on issues such as fair-trade policies, labor relations, environmental impact, political views, and anti-competitive practices.

Market Structure
The chemicals industry is also capital-intensive, a large user of energy resources, and heavily regulated, factors that provide high entry barriers to new competition. U.S. chemical companies, for example, consume about 7 percent of total annual U.S. energy output. Most of the industry’s energy consumption involves natural gas and oil, with the balance consisting largely of electricity and coal. Most of the industry’s production consists of commodity chemicals, with demand largely a function of general economic activity in the U.S. market and overseas markets. Industry profitability is determined largely by raw material costs, export demand, pricing trends in world chemical markets, and capacity utilization. Trends in interest rates, inflation, and manufacturing as well as marketing costs also can have a significant impact on profits.

Chemicals are produced from raw materials such as oil, natural gas, metals, minerals, and air, which are further processed into chemical intermediates and industrial and consumer goods. The automobile and housing sectors are key markets, although chemicals find their way into nearly all manufactured products.

Market Metrics


Source: Trade Stats Express, 2008

There are several sub-sections of the chemicals industry which Asian manufacturers and others compete for.


In one area, demand for PVC, which accounts for close to a third of chlorine production, will be a key driver of chlorine demand over the coming years. The second largest volume plastic, PVC, is used primarily by the housing and construction industries. The PVC market has risen in importance for the chlorine industry in recent years as environmental regulations have affected chlor-alkali use in solvents, pesticides, and chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). Improving economies in Asia also should bolster this business in the year 2000. Over 40 percent of U.S. vinyl chloride (the raw material for PVC) production is shipped to Asian markets.

Boosted by better foreign markets, worldwide chlorine demand is expected to expand 2.5 percent per year through 2002. By comparison, domestic demand is expected to grow only 1.5 percent in that period.

Soda ash (sodium carbonate) is a naturally occurring mineral whose primary use is in glass production, which accounts for nearly half of total demand. It also is used as a sodium source in chemical production, as a detergent builder, in pulp and paper, and in environmental and water treatment products. U.S. soda ash production dropped 9.8 percent to 10.7 million tons in 1998 as the business was affected by the Asian economic slowdown. Exports constitute a vital market for U.S. soda ash producers, accounting for about 35 percent of total domestic production. With exports to Asia accounting for nearly half of all American soda ash exports, the Asian slump continued to affect this market negatively in 1999, with total production levels not expected to vary appreciably from 1998 levels. A better performance is seen for the year 2000, boosted by economic recovery in Asia and improved demand from the domestic glass market.

Demand for titanium dioxide, the largest-volume inorganic pigment, is expected to be somewhat stronger than that for most other pigments, stimulated by its unique qualities and increased demand from the pulp and paper industry. Used as the primary white pigment in paper and paperboard, plastics, synthetic rubber, and coatings, titanium dioxide has an extremely high ability to reflect light and add brightness to products. After showing annual compound growth of 3 to 4 percent through 1997, production of titanium dioxide slipped 0.1 percent in 1998, primarily as a result of reduced shipments to Asia, which accounts for about 25 percent of world demand. After another indicated modest decline in 1999, demand should grow in the range of 2 to 3 percent through 2003.

Although traditionally dominated by the United States, Germany, and Japan, this sector has had considerable capacity added in recent years from companies in Asia, the Middle East, and Latin America. That trend should continue despite the recent financial crises in Asia.

The global petrochemical industry had a tough year in 1998 as it was beset by worldwide overcapacity, declining prices, and reduced shipments to Asian markets. Although lingering financial difficulties in Asia continued to affect this business in the first half of 1999, substantial price hikes implemented during that year should help top line comparisons in the year 2000. In 1999, international price increases in major petrochemical products were triggered by increases in raw material (naphtha) prices and increasing demand from some markets. The chemical industry is sensitive to changes in oil and gas prices, as both of those materials represent basic chemical feed-stocks and key energy sources that fuel manufacturing processes. With important derivatives uses in plastics and fibers, ethylene is the largest-selling organic chemical. Reflecting higher oil feedstock costs and better supply and demand conditions, ethylene prices rose materially in 1999. According to estimates by SRI Consulting, ethylene feed-stocks should be adequate to meet world demand through 2005 despite projected growth in demand of 4 percent per year and growth of 2 percent in the rate of global production.

After rising for many years, production of industrial organic chemicals dropped 5.7 percent in 1998, largely reflecting the downturn in petrochemical production and the reduced export opportunities caused by recession in key Asian economies. Exports of organic chemicals, a good deal of which are shipped to the Far East, dropped almost 9 percent in 1998. Organic chemical production continued to slide in 1999, although the rate of decline subsided somewhat. With recovery in Asian economies, total domestic industrial organic chemicals production was expected to decline modestly in 1999.

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