Road charging

Road charging is vital to solving the problem of congestion, for it is only by this way that motorists will realise the true social costs of their demands and make an informed decision whether or not to pay them. Flexible electronic charging is most efficient, as it accounts for the route and time of day travelled rather than simply the distance
 
Two methods could be used to achieve this. First, there's "tag and beacon technology", which is similar to the system used for electronic tolling. Second, there's vehicle tracking, which is itself based on two established technologies: global navigation satellite systems (GNSS), such as GPS, which allow a vehicle to "know" where it is, and GPRS, an "always on" mobile communication technology within a vehicle that transmits its identity and whereabouts to a central monitoring system.
 
Across North America, new approaches to road pricing are needed to ease traffic congestion in metropolitan areas and generate additional funding required for improving road infrastructure. Accenture conducted in-depth research with 25 tolling and turnpike industry leaders to identify the principal issues facing tolling agencies in North America and the innovative approaches and technologies being used to address them. While electronic tolling is now being widely implemented―and is generally popular among communities―many hurdles remain such as the lack of collaboration between agencies and the prevalence of proprietary technologies, hindering interoperability
 
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