In order to be able to properly understand the six leadership styles Goleman introduces in his book Primal Leadership (2002, with Richard Boyatzis and Annie McKee), it is useful you first understand his human communication / interaction concept of resonance.
In the view of Goleman, good leaders are effective because they create resonance.
Resonance comes from the Latin word resonare, to resound. Effective leaders are attuned to other people's feelings and move them in a positive emotional direction. They speak authentically about their own values, direction and priorities and resonate with the emotions of surrounding people. Under the guidance of an effective leader, people feel a mutual comfort level. Resonance comes naturally to people with a high degree of emotional intelligence (self-awareness, self-management, social awareness and relationship management) but involves also intellectual aspects.
Creation of resonance can be done in six ways, leading to Six Leadership Styles. Typically, the most effective leaders can act according to and skillfully switch between the various styles depending on the situation.
Visionary
Coaching
Affiliative
Democratic
Pacesetting
Commanding
source:Leadership Styles - Goleman on creating resonance
Linear Mode
