xml

krupal doshi

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Extensible Markup Language (XML)

Upcoming: Balisage Conference [details]

1. Introduction
2. Working Groups
3. Events
4. Other Resources
5. Contact

Nearby: XML Specifications and Translations of them.
Introduction

Extensible Markup Language (XML) is a simple, very flexible text format derived from SGML (ISO 8879). Originally designed to meet the challenges of large-scale electronic publishing, XML is also playing an increasingly important role in the exchange of a wide variety of data on the Web and elsewhere.

This page describes the work being done at W3C within the XML Activity, and how it is structured. Work at W3C takes place in Working Groups. The Working Groups within the XML Activity are listed below, together with links to their individual web pages.

You can find and download formal technical specifications here, because we publish them. This is not a place to find tutorials, products, courses, books or other XML-related information. There are some links below that may help you find such resources.

You will find links to W3C Recommendations, Proposed Recommendations, Working Drafts, conformance test suites and other documents on the pages for each Working Group. Each document also contains email addresses you can use to send comments or questions, for example if you have been writing software to implement them and have found problems or errors.

Please do not send us email asking us to help you learn a language or specification; there are plenty of resources online, and the people editing and developing the specifications are very busy. We are interested in technical comments and errata.

If your organization would like to join the W3C, or if you would like to participate formally in a working group (and have the necessary resources to attend meetings), you can read more about the Consortium.
Working Groups

There is more detail about each of these Working Groups in the Activity Statement and also on the individual Working Group public web pages.

Most Working Groups have both a public web page and another more private one that is only accessible to W3C Members. The private page has telephone numbers, schedules for meetings and conference calls, links to internal editing drafts, and other administrative information.
XML Coordination Group

The membership of this group is the Chairs of the individual Working Groups. Its role is to provide a forum for coordination between the Working Groups of the XML Activity, and between the XML Activity and other parts of W3C, and between the XML Activity and other organizations.

This group does not produce specifications, so does not have a public page of its own. You can read the XML CG Charter, and there is more information about the XML CG in the Activity Statement. There is is also a member-only page.
XML Core Working Group

The mission of the XML Core Working Group is to develop and maintain the specifications for XML itself and closely related specifications such as Namespaces in XML, the XML Information Set, and XInclude.

You can read the XML Core Working Group Public Page and the XML Core Working Group Charter, and there is also a member-only page.
XSL Working Group

The XSL Working Group is responsible for the Extensible Stylesheet Language (XSL), including both XSL Transformations (XSLT) and XSL Formatting Objects (XSL/FO). They moved into the W3C Architecture Domain at the start of 2003.

You can read the XSL Working Group Public Page which links to their Charter and to their member-only page.
The Efficient XML Interchange Working Group

The Efficient XML Interchange Working Group is responsible for developing ways to exchange XML documents in ways that are as efficient as is practical without compromising the interoperability of XML itself. It also continues the work of the XML Binary Characterization Working Group. This Working Group is not about producing a closed, proprietary or obfuscated “binary XML ”—The W3C is all about increasing interoperability!

You can read the Efficient XML Interchange Working Group Public Page and their Charter; there is also a member-only page for technical discussion and administration.
XML Binary Characterization Working Group

In September of 2003 the W3C held a public Workshop to discuss whether W3C should develop a binary interchange format for people needing greater efficiency than was claimed possible using text. The conclusion of the Workshop was that it was not clear whether the benefits of such a format could outweigh the costs, but that the issues involved needed further study. The XML Binary Characterization Working Group was created to investigate this area, and to enable precise measurements to be made of the benefits (if any) of a binary interchange format over the existing methods of textual interchange. The Working Group was explicitly not chartered to do any technical work on developing or choosing a single format: that would be the work of a future Working Group, if and only if the XML Binary Characterization Working Group can demonstrate that such efforts would be worth while.

You can read the XML Binary Characterization Working Group Public Page which links to their charter and to their Member-only page.
XML Processing Model Working Group

The XML Processing Model Working Group is working on defining a scripting language for XML: that is, a way to specify what operations should be performed on an XML document and in what order.

You can read the XML Processing Model Working Group Public Page and their Charter; there is also a member-only page for administration purposes.
XML Linking Working Group

The charter of the XML Linking Working Group has expired, and the group is not currently active. When still active, it was working on hypertext links for XML. This includes the XML Linking Language (XLink) and the XML Pointer Language (XPointer).

You can read the deprecated XML Linking Working Group Public Page. There is also a member-only page.
XML Query Working Group

The XML Query Working Group is working on the XML Query Language, a way to provide flexible query facilities to extract data from real and virtual XML documents on the Web. This includes publication of XQuery and also XPath, in conjunction with the XSL Working Group (part of the Style Activity).

You can read the XML Query Working Group Public Page and the XML Query Working Group Charter, and there is also a member-only page.
XML Schema Working Group

W3C XML Schemas provide mechanisms to define and describe the structure, content, and to some extent semantics of XML documents.

You can read the XML Schema Group Public Page and the XML Schema Working Group Charter, and there is also a member-only page.
Service Modeling Language Working Group

SML defines extensions to the W3C XML Schema language by adding support for inter-document references and user-defined constraints.

You can read the SML Working Group Public Page and the SML Working Group Charter.
Upcoming events

The leading conference relating to theoretical topics on markup, as well as on practical applications of XML, is of course Balisage, in Montreal; this year (2009) the Balisage markup conference also has an associated Symposium on Processing XML Efficiently. There is a registration discount for W3C Members.
Other Resources

There are so many resources related to XML that we can't possibly list them all here. This is a good thing, because it means XML is a success! In addition to a history of the development of XML at W3C, there is an extensive index at the Cover Pages, maintained by Robin Cover. The individual Working Group public web pages may have links to specific resources. There are Usenet newsgroups (e.g. comp.text.xml) and public mailing lists (e.g. xml-dev).
 
Extensible Markup Language (XML)

Upcoming: Balisage Conference [details]

1. Introduction
2. Working Groups
3. Events
4. Other Resources
5. Contact

Nearby: XML Specifications and Translations of them.
Introduction

Extensible Markup Language (XML) is a simple, very flexible text format derived from SGML (ISO 8879). Originally designed to meet the challenges of large-scale electronic publishing, XML is also playing an increasingly important role in the exchange of a wide variety of data on the Web and elsewhere.

This page describes the work being done at W3C within the XML Activity, and how it is structured. Work at W3C takes place in Working Groups. The Working Groups within the XML Activity are listed below, together with links to their individual web pages.

You can find and download formal technical specifications here, because we publish them. This is not a place to find tutorials, products, courses, books or other XML-related information. There are some links below that may help you find such resources.

You will find links to W3C Recommendations, Proposed Recommendations, Working Drafts, conformance test suites and other documents on the pages for each Working Group. Each document also contains email addresses you can use to send comments or questions, for example if you have been writing software to implement them and have found problems or errors.

Please do not send us email asking us to help you learn a language or specification; there are plenty of resources online, and the people editing and developing the specifications are very busy. We are interested in technical comments and errata.

If your organization would like to join the W3C, or if you would like to participate formally in a working group (and have the necessary resources to attend meetings), you can read more about the Consortium.
Working Groups

There is more detail about each of these Working Groups in the Activity Statement and also on the individual Working Group public web pages.

Most Working Groups have both a public web page and another more private one that is only accessible to W3C Members. The private page has telephone numbers, schedules for meetings and conference calls, links to internal editing drafts, and other administrative information.
XML Coordination Group

The membership of this group is the Chairs of the individual Working Groups. Its role is to provide a forum for coordination between the Working Groups of the XML Activity, and between the XML Activity and other parts of W3C, and between the XML Activity and other organizations.

This group does not produce specifications, so does not have a public page of its own. You can read the XML CG Charter, and there is more information about the XML CG in the Activity Statement. There is is also a member-only page.
XML Core Working Group

The mission of the XML Core Working Group is to develop and maintain the specifications for XML itself and closely related specifications such as Namespaces in XML, the XML Information Set, and XInclude.

You can read the XML Core Working Group Public Page and the XML Core Working Group Charter, and there is also a member-only page.
XSL Working Group

The XSL Working Group is responsible for the Extensible Stylesheet Language (XSL), including both XSL Transformations (XSLT) and XSL Formatting Objects (XSL/FO). They moved into the W3C Architecture Domain at the start of 2003.

You can read the XSL Working Group Public Page which links to their Charter and to their member-only page.
The Efficient XML Interchange Working Group

The Efficient XML Interchange Working Group is responsible for developing ways to exchange XML documents in ways that are as efficient as is practical without compromising the interoperability of XML itself. It also continues the work of the XML Binary Characterization Working Group. This Working Group is not about producing a closed, proprietary or obfuscated “binary XML ”—The W3C is all about increasing interoperability!

You can read the Efficient XML Interchange Working Group Public Page and their Charter; there is also a member-only page for technical discussion and administration.
XML Binary Characterization Working Group

In September of 2003 the W3C held a public Workshop to discuss whether W3C should develop a binary interchange format for people needing greater efficiency than was claimed possible using text. The conclusion of the Workshop was that it was not clear whether the benefits of such a format could outweigh the costs, but that the issues involved needed further study. The XML Binary Characterization Working Group was created to investigate this area, and to enable precise measurements to be made of the benefits (if any) of a binary interchange format over the existing methods of textual interchange. The Working Group was explicitly not chartered to do any technical work on developing or choosing a single format: that would be the work of a future Working Group, if and only if the XML Binary Characterization Working Group can demonstrate that such efforts would be worth while.

You can read the XML Binary Characterization Working Group Public Page which links to their charter and to their Member-only page.
XML Processing Model Working Group

The XML Processing Model Working Group is working on defining a scripting language for XML: that is, a way to specify what operations should be performed on an XML document and in what order.

You can read the XML Processing Model Working Group Public Page and their Charter; there is also a member-only page for administration purposes.
XML Linking Working Group

The charter of the XML Linking Working Group has expired, and the group is not currently active. When still active, it was working on hypertext links for XML. This includes the XML Linking Language (XLink) and the XML Pointer Language (XPointer).

You can read the deprecated XML Linking Working Group Public Page. There is also a member-only page.
XML Query Working Group

The XML Query Working Group is working on the XML Query Language, a way to provide flexible query facilities to extract data from real and virtual XML documents on the Web. This includes publication of XQuery and also XPath, in conjunction with the XSL Working Group (part of the Style Activity).

You can read the XML Query Working Group Public Page and the XML Query Working Group Charter, and there is also a member-only page.
XML Schema Working Group

W3C XML Schemas provide mechanisms to define and describe the structure, content, and to some extent semantics of XML documents.

You can read the XML Schema Group Public Page and the XML Schema Working Group Charter, and there is also a member-only page.
Service Modeling Language Working Group

SML defines extensions to the W3C XML Schema language by adding support for inter-document references and user-defined constraints.

You can read the SML Working Group Public Page and the SML Working Group Charter.
Upcoming events

The leading conference relating to theoretical topics on markup, as well as on practical applications of XML, is of course Balisage, in Montreal; this year (2009) the Balisage markup conference also has an associated Symposium on Processing XML Efficiently. There is a registration discount for W3C Members.
Other Resources

There are so many resources related to XML that we can't possibly list them all here. This is a good thing, because it means XML is a success! In addition to a history of the development of XML at W3C, there is an extensive index at the Cover Pages, maintained by Robin Cover. The individual Working Group public web pages may have links to specific resources. There are Usenet newsgroups (e.g. comp.text.xml) and public mailing lists (e.g. xml-dev).

Hey krupal, as we know that XML is a language that describes a collection of rules for coding documents in a format which is human and machine readable. I liked your article and you explained the concept very well. BTW, i am also adding a document for more detailed information.
 

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